Endogenous bronchial asthma develops against the background of diseases, an unfavorable environment and other factors that provoke an increase in the sensitivity of the bronchi. At the first sign of suffocation, the patient should consult a doctor, since the consequences of the disease can be very dangerous.
The reasons
The pathogenesis of endogenous asthma is based on many factors, which are mainly internal:
- Disorders in the functioning of the endocrine system. They are provoked by pathologies of the endocrine glands, the use of hormonal agents that are not agreed with the doctor.
- Diseases of the respiratory system, which have become chronic.
- Malfunctions of the immune system, metabolic disorders.
- Structural changes in the nose. For example, curvature of the nasal septum due to congenital pathology or acquired trauma.
- Difficulty breathing due to changes in the structure of the chest.
In addition, external factors can influence the occurrence of the endogenous form of bronchial asthma. Air is more important for the health of the respiratory system. With a sharp change in temperature, a spasm of the walls of the bronchi begins, due to which a person suffers from suffocation. Also, polluted air, spring-summer flowering of plants and trees, dustiness of premises irritate the mucous membranes of the respiratory system, leading to increased sensitivity of the bronchi.
Individual intolerance to salicylates often becomes the cause of endogenous asthma, therefore, you must carefully read the instructions for use of herbal pain relievers.
The main symptoms
The main signs of asthma of any form include choking and shortness of breath. They can be pronounced when the patient is unable to inhale. In this case, a special inhaler for asthmatics helps. Asphyxiation can also hardly bother the patient, appearing sporadically.
Symptoms of asthma also include pain and chest tightness, wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing. It should be noted that these manifestations often occur after playing sports, during sleep and when strong irritants are inhaled.
Diagnostics
Examination of the patient to identify the cause and severity of endogenous bronchial asthma is necessary to prescribe adequate treatment.
First, the doctor conducts a visual examination of the patient, listens to the lungs, interrogates and draws up a clinical picture of the disease. After that, he gives direction for laboratory tests: blood and urine tests, bacterial sputum culture.
Important examination methods are fluorography and chest x-ray, which allow finding inflamed areas in other respiratory organs and determining the extent of the pathology.
Even with non – allergic asthma, you need to know your own list of irritants. To do this, you must undergo a special allergy test .
Therapies
The choice of treatment option depends on the cause of asthma and the course of the disease. The main method of therapy is the use of medications; physiotherapy is often prescribed to the patient.
Drug therapy
Traditional medicine only complements the main one. Its purpose is to relieve symptoms. In asthma, attention should be paid to potential herbal allergies.
With bronchial asthma, surgery may be prescribed. However, this is an extreme method and is used only in severe cases.
The drugs used
Medicines for the treatment of the disease are divided into:
- mucolytics : for thinning viscous phlegm;
- bronchodilators : to relieve spasms;
- corticosteroids: to regulate internal processes and reduce inflammation.
If asthma is caused by the activity of microorganisms, it is necessary to use antibacterial, antiviral or antifungal agents. To determine the specific type of pathogen and its resistance to active substances, sputum culture is used .
Other treatments
Among home remedies, cough medicines are especially distinguished. In asthma, this syndrome can be uncontrollable and paroxysmal, which makes it difficult for a person to work and rest. Warm milk with honey is a “classic” remedy for cough reflex, relieving bronchial spasms. Sometimes animal fat or butter is added to it.
Decoctions and infusions of medicinal herbs help relieve pain and destroy pathogenic microorganisms. Sage, chamomile, wild rosemary, yarrow, mint are used to prepare tea and solution for inhalation.
Inhalation can be carried out over a saucepan, covered with a towel, however, the procedure gives the best effect when using a nebulizer . The device delivers useful substances together with steam particles directly to the inflamed area of the bronchial mucosa. As a solution, not only decoctions from plants are used, but also pharmaceuticals: Ephedrine, Diphenhydramine, Atropine, Eufillin, Berodual . The exact dosage of each drug should be discussed with your doctor, as exceeding it can adversely affect health.
Forecast
The use of drugs for the treatment of endogenous asthma is less effective than for the treatment of the exogenous form. The disease is difficult to treat, since choking can develop even after taking the Aspirin pill.
An exacerbation of asthma has two developmental pathways:
- sudden increase in shortness of breath, cough and the appearance of choking;
- breathing is difficult for 2-3 days, but severe suffocation is not observed.
The patient should consult with a physician about strategies for treating both types of asthma. If the patient follows the doctor’s orders and controls their lifestyle, remission can come quickly. It is important not to self-medicate so as not to suffer from asthma complications.
Preventive measures
As measures to prevent asthma, the following recommendations are distinguished:
- maintaining a healthy lifestyle;
- elimination of bad habits, especially smoking;
- hardening;
- regular exercise or sports.
It is also necessary to observe the hygiene of the room and avoid dustiness. It is better not to put a lot of flowering plants in the bedroom, as their pollen can provoke an attack of suffocation.
Proper nutrition plays an important role in the regulation of internal processes, so you should not abuse fatty and overly salty or spicy foods, alcohol and sugary carbonated drinks. It is recommended to eat more vegetables and fruits, drink enough water, and take additional vitamin complexes in winter and spring .
Possible complications
If you ignore bronchial asthma, the patient increases the risk of complications. At moderate or severe severity, the development of pulmonary emphysema, chronic inflammation, development of “cor pulmonale” is likely , when the right parts of the muscle increase. Asthma can also trigger throat or lung cancer. Despite the complex treatment of endogenous asthma, its manifestations can be reduced to zero with timely and adequate therapy. It is important not to self-medicate, but to visit a doctor to be examined and get a list of necessary medications. It is necessary to exactly follow the advice of a specialist, since deviations from the course can spoil the result of therapy.