Nedocromil belongs to the group of cromones and is an effective drug in the treatment and prevention of common allergic diseases. Due to its advantages in pharmacological dynamics and kinetics, it is included in the list of vital and essential medicines. This drug has anti-asthma and anti-allergic properties.
Indications for admission
This medication is used to prevent and treat the following diseases:
Bronchial asthma
- Bronchial asthma (physical exertion, asthmatic triad or atopic form).
- Broncho-obstructive syndrome in numerous diseases of the tracheobronchial tree.
- Allergic keratoconjunctivitis .
- Allergic rhinitis, seasonal or year-round.
- Ulcerative colitis and proctitis (as part of combination therapy for the underlying disease).
Possible limitations
Taking the drug is categorically contraindicated in persons with existing allergic reactions to its components, including fluorocarbons . Nedocromil is not recommended to be taken during breastfeeding and pregnancy (may be prescribed if the therapeutic effect is higher than the risk of intrauterine pathology), as well as to children under 2 years of age. Patients with kidney and liver pathologies should be taken with extreme caution.
Diseases of the liver and kidneys
Mechanism of action
This drug blocks the transmembrane entry of calcium ions into the cytoplasm of cells by closing chloride channels at an early stage of an allergic reaction. According to some studies, Nedocromil is able to stimulate the release of calcium ions, which leads to inhibition of the migration and degranulation of mast cells, neutrophils, eosinophils and macrophages. The release of histamine, serotonin, leukotrienes and many other mediators of allergic reactions is stopped. Thus, these elements do not penetrate into the affected organ and do not cause its dysfunction.
At the same time, Nedocromil destroys the intracellular mediator – cAMP in smooth muscle cells located in the wall of the bronchial tree, which significantly reduces their tone and increases the diameter of the lumen. It also increases the sensitivity of adrenergic receptors to catecholamines, thereby reducing the risk of bronchospasm.
Structure
Nedocromil is a synthetic drug, which includes the disodium salt of 5,5 – [(2-oksitrimetilen) dioxy bis (4-oxo) -4H-1-benzopyran-2-carboxylic acid]. The chemical structure includes 2 sodium molecules combined with pyranoquinolonic dicarboxylic acid. Nedocromil is an analogue of Intal and Cromolin sodium.
Release forms
Nedokromil is available in the following forms:
- Powder and solutions for inhalation.
- Ampoules and capsules for oral administration.
- Aerosol (spray).
- Eye drops.
How to take it right
Nebulizer inhalation
This medication is dispensed exclusively by prescription.
Powder and aqueous solution for inhalation are used only with a nebulizer. Due to the fact that these dosage forms decompose under the action of gastric juice, they do not have a therapeutic effect when taken orally. Algorithm of actions when using the drug in the form of inhalations: deep breath with a breath holding for no more than 2 seconds and subsequent prolonged exhalation. Breathing should be rhythmic and slow. It is not recommended to be distracted during the procedure to prevent changes in the breathing rhythm.
The dosage form in the form of capsules for oral administration is necessary in the treatment of allergic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. In this regard, the entire capsule should be consumed to protect the contents from destruction by gastric juice.
Spray use
The spray is used to treat allergic rhinitis. This form of the drug must be injected into the lower or middle nasal passage of each nostril. Before use, shake the can slightly to distribute the medication evenly inside the container. The interval between inhalations is at least 1 minute.
The drug in the form of drops is necessary for the treatment of allergic diseases of the mucous membrane of the eye and conjunctiva. For the correct delivery of the drug to the focus of conjunctival inflammation, it is necessary:
- Wash hands thoroughly.
- Pipette the drug into a pipette.
- Tilt your head back slightly.
- Instill into the fold of the conjunctiva, located closer to the inner eye corner.
- Take the medicine again and put it in the other eye.
Adverse reactions
Sore throat
Adverse reactions are rare with this drug. Swelling of the mucous layer and a burning sensation in the nasal cavity are possible. After using the inhaled form of Nedocromil sodium, the risk of developing a feeling of sore throat, dry mouth, cough, and hoarseness increases. To prevent these adverse reactions, rinse the mouth and throat with water.
Very rarely there is a convulsive muscle contraction in the wall of the tracheobronchial tree. To prevent the development of bronchospasm should be inhaled to enter adrenostimulyatorov short steps before actually taking nedocromil .
Vomiting, nausea and other dyspeptic symptoms may appear after taking the drug inside.
Common side reactions occur in the form of pathological changes in the blood system (drop in the number of neutrophils, lymphocytes and platelets), headache and dizziness, inflammation of the articular cartilage, fever, chills.
This drug has low toxicity, therefore, the risk of overdose is extremely small. If undesirable reactions occur, it is necessary to stop taking the drug and begin symptomatic treatment of side effects.
The variety of produced forms of Nedocromil confirms the significant multidirectionality in the treatment of allergic diseases of the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems. Despite the presence of a number of side effects and contraindications, the drug plays a leading role in the prevention and treatment of diseases without any problems. In order to avoid the occurrence of undesirable reactions from the whole organism or individual organs, you should familiarize yourself with the information contained in the instructions for use.